A new paper from IonQ shows that their trapped-ion quantum architecture can be optimized to run Shor's algorithm against 256-bit ECDSA signatures (which underlie most cryptocurrencies) with only 20,000 qubits in less than a month. Part of it is algorithmic improvements (more efficient circuit to run the algorithm) but most of the significant drop in the qubit estimate comes from their new architecture, which requires only approximately 5 physical qubits per error-corrected logical qubit. They ar
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